Title: Design and Art
Course: EN_History of culture and art > Section: 2. Art and Design

What is Design? And need Designer knowledge about art and history of art?  - Find it out for yourself, reflecting and reading...

What is Design?

Design can change the world!

In recent years, design has become as important as technology.
But what exactly is design? The video gives you an introduction into the understanding of design and its role shaping the challenges of tomorrow.
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Watch the video carefully.

It is an introduction for the book by Steve Vassallo: „The way to design”.

"Design is" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MS8p-CgTJIg

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Fill in the missing words_Design is.h5p

The Origin of the denomination "Design"

Design is a creative process in which the work of the designer creates, modifies or develops something (such as a material object or process or structure or situation), giving it or making it take on a particular form or appearance.
The denomination “Design” has evolved over the centuries and has its origins in different languages and activities.

Lat: designare (denote, to draw, to represent in outline)
Italian: Disegno= is a fundamental concept of Renaissance art theory and constitutes the drawing as an image of the artistic idea as well as a draft of the spiritual concept in a religious sense.
The disegno allows the visual arts to be distinguished from the crafts. It develops into an independent category between the beginning of the 15th and the end of the 16th century.

In English and French, design means 'creation' or 'draft', in the German-speaking world, it is said to have been introduced by Mies van der Rohe in the 1930s, but it was already occasionally found in German-language sources around 1800.
The development of design comes from the combination of natural sciences and art. Furthermore there was a great influence by the industrial development and the mass-production.

Design and art

Is design art? Or is art also sometimes design? What have these two disciplines in common? Where exactly do the boundaries lie?
These questions occupy designers and architects, but also artists. The ideal conception of design can often be described with the words "timeless" and "beautiful". But aren't these also categories for art?
What have these two disciplines in common? Both belong to the visual arts in the broadest sense.

- They visualize ideas and concepts.
- Creativity is an essential requirement to realize work pieces in both.
- They are based on the consideration of aesthetic principles.
- Artists as well as designers need knowledge about epochs, tendencies, styles and elements in the past and present.

Remember the definition of art:
Art is a result of the activity of human beings and implements a creative act as well as certain level of technical proficiency.
One of the main concepts of art is the motivation of the artist: According to the basic assumption, he works for no other purpose than for the art itself. Rather, it is often enough for the artist to depict something, to present something that reveals and expresses his inner world, his soul.
Design, on the other hand, pursues a specific purpose.

In their glossary of art terms the MoMa (Museum of Modern Arts) determines Design as “Design makes ideas tangible, translating them into physical form. … At the same time design is an activity: “Design” does not only refer to things and spaces; it is also the process of planning, evaluating, and implementing a plan or answer to a problem.”

Designers work in the context of industry where they fulfill demands and conditions from the client For example, a designer remains subject to the economic and ecological market, which sets a cost-benefit factor and ultimately decides whether the production of a designer piece is worthwhile or not.

Read the reflection of Avalyn Lundgren about the value of design:
https://alvalyn.com/drawing-the-line-between-art-and-design/

- Discuss in the forum her answer: WHAT is Design’s value?

Your reflection

Design in your life

Which role plays design therein?

Walk (with wide open eyes) through your home, your city, observe places and objects, look on the web:

- Where are the designs that catch your attention?
- Why do they catch your attention?
- How important is it for you to encounter good design in everyday life?

Document at least five different designs in your all-day surroundings that are important for you. Use different ways for documentation: describing, scribbling, drawing, photographs, ...

Later present it at the forum.

Why do designers need knowledge about art history?

The questions is essential for your further studies. That's why you should brainstorm the issue.

Furthermore we recommend you to reflect the arguments from the designer Alvalyn Lundgren.

https://alvalyn.com/ten-good-reasons-to-study-design-history/

Fill in the blanks_Why designer need art history.h5p

Further information and references

Further information:

You can find out more about Design-history: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_history

References:

- Steve Vassallo, The way to design, https://thewaytodesign.com/,
- Museum of Modern Art: MoMa, Glossary of Art Terms, https://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/themes/design/, (accessed 01.09.2021)
- https://www.lernhelfer.de/schuelerlexikon/kunst/artikel/begriff-design, (accessed 01.09.2021)
- Design-Bestseller, Die Grenze zwischen Kunst und Design, (accessed 01.09.2021),
- https://www.design-bestseller.de/blog/die-grenze-zwischen-kunst-und-design/?gclid=Cj0KCQjwg7KJBhDyARIsAHrAXaHzXJJ0OAOMjM2BlTzkB3mQH83eQSNPUSjtCu2EMZZEBPBNvkym55waAitfEALw_wcB
- Kunst oder Design: https://www.designrhetorik.de/kunst-oder-design/5/, (accessed 01.09.2021)
- IDesigns: Der Unterschied zwischen Kunst und Design, http://idesigns.at/der-unterschied-zwischen-kunst-und-design/, (accessed 01.09.2021)